linux ipuçları - bir dosyanın hangi pakete ait olduğunu öğrenmek | rpm -qf

[root@oel6 ~]# rpm -qf /etc/hosts
setup-2.8.14-20.el6_4.1.noarch



Redhat tabanlı sistemlerde kullanılabilen grupları listelemek ve yüklemek;

yum grouplist hidden


yum groupinstall "<group name>"


yum groupinstall "KDE"

RedHat tabanlı sistemlerde, yüklenmiş bir paket hakkında detaylı bilgiye ihtiyacımız olursa
"rpm -qi paket_adi" komutuyla ihtiyacımız olan bilgiye erişebiliriz.

Örnek;

# rpm -qi mc
Name        : mc                           Relocations: (not relocatable)
Version     : 4.7.0.2                           Vendor: Oracle America
Release     : 3.el6                         Build Date: Tue 06 Jul 2010 09:47:27 PM EEST
Install Date: Tue 25 Aug 2015 08:12:08 PM EEST      Build Host: ca-build19.us.oracle.com
Group       : System Environment/Shells     Source RPM: mc-4.7.0.2-3.el6.src.rpm
Size        : 5663166                          License: GPLv2
Signature   : RSA/8, Mon 03 Jan 2011 10:17:16 PM EET, Key ID 72f97b74ec551f03
URL         : http://www.midnight-commander.org/
Summary     : User-friendly text console file manager and visual shell
Description :
Midnight Commander is a visual shell much like a file manager, only
with many more features. It is a text mode application, but it also
includes mouse support. Midnight Commander's best features are its
ability to FTP, view tar and zip files, and to poke into RPMs for
specific files.



Sistemimize rpm/yum ile yüklenmiş bir programda her hangi bir değişiklik olup olmadığını merak ediyorsak, kullanacağımız parametre -V dir.  Dosyalarda bir değişiklik yoksa her hangi bir mesaj vermez. Değişiklik mevcut ise aşağıdaki örnekte görüldüğü gibi mesaj verir.


# mv /bin/zsh /bin/zsh.orig

# touch /bin/zsh

 # rpm -V zsh
SM5....T.    /bin/zsh

# cp -va /bin/zsh.orig /bin/zsh
cp: overwrite `/bin/zsh'? y
`/bin/zsh.orig' -> `/bin/zsh'

 # rpm -V zsh

Bir dosyanın hangi pakete ait olduğunu öğrendik ama  bir paketin içindeki dosyaları öğrenmek istiyorsak!?

# rpm -ql oraclelinux-release-6Server-7.0.5.x86_64
/etc/issue
/etc/issue.net
/etc/oracle-release
/etc/os-release
/etc/pki/rpm-gpg
/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY
/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora
/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-fedora-test
/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle
/etc/redhat-release
/etc/rpm/macros.dist
/etc/sysconfig/rhn
/etc/system-release
/etc/system-release-cpe
/usr/share/doc/oraclelinux-release-6Server
/usr/share/doc/oraclelinux-release-6Server/EULA
/usr/share/doc/oraclelinux-release-6Server/GPL
/usr/share/doc/oraclelinux-release-6Server/autorun-template
/usr/share/doc/oraclelinux-release-6Server/enterprisedocs-man.css
/usr/share/eula/eula.en_US
/var/lib/supportinfo
[root@localhost .ssh]#



rpm database bozulursa;

rm -rf /var/lib/rpm/__db.00*
rpmdb --rebuilddb

bash kullanıcılarına (linux/solaris vs.)

Solaris, linux(tüm linux dağıtımları için) kullanıcılarının aşağıdaki yazıyı okuması ve sistemlerini acilen güncellemesi iyi olur.


http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/security/alert-cve-2014-7169-2303276.html

Oracle Security Alert for CVE-2014-7169

Description

This Security Alert addresses CVE-2014-7169 (initially identified as CVE-2014-6271), a publicly disclosed vulnerability affecting GNU Bash. GNU Bash is a popular open source command line shell incorporated into Linux and other widely used operating systems. This vulnerability affects multiple Oracle products. This vulnerability may be remotely exploitable without authentication, i.e. it may be exploited over a network without the need for a username and password. A remote user can exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code on systems that are running affected versions of Bash.
Oracle is still investigating this issue and will provide fixes for affected products as soon as they have been fully tested and determined to provide effective mitigation against the vulnerability.
The fixes that are available for immediate application by customers are listed in the Patch Availability Table. This Security Alert will be updated when fixes are available for additional affected Oracle products without sending additional emails to customers. Customers should check this page for updates.
Due to the severity, public disclosure, and reports of active exploitation of CVE-2014-7169, Oracle strongly recommends that customers apply the fixes provided by this Security Alert as soon as they are released by Oracle.

Oracle products that are affected and have fixes available

Oracle has determined that the following products are affected by this vulnerability, and fixes for these products are available for immediate application by customers. The patch availability information for these affected products is provided in the table below.
Note: Patch availability information is provided only for product versions that are covered under the Premier Support or Extended Support phases of the Lifetime Support Policy. We recommend that customers remain on actively supported versions to ensure that they continue to receive security fixes from Oracle.

Patch Availability Table

Affected product	Patch Availability and Installation Information
Oracle Linux, versions 4, 5, 6, 7	My Oracle Support Note 1930120.1
Oracle Solaris, versions 8, 9, 10, 11	My Oracle Support Note 1930090.1

Oracle products that are affected and do not have fixes available at this time

Oracle has determined that following Oracle products are vulnerable to CVE-2014-7169 and CVE-2014-6271. Fixes for these products will be distributed as they become available and this Security Alert will be updated to reflect the availability of these fixes in the Patch Availability Table.

• Big Data Appliance
• Exadata
• Exalogic
• Oracle Audit Vault and Database Firewall
• Oracle Communications Application Orchestrator - Server Perpetual (version 74M1)
• Oracle Communications Application Session Controller
• Oracle Communications Diameter Intelligence Hub
• Oracle Communications Diameter Signaling Router
• Oracle Communications Diameter Signaling Router - Full Address Resolution
• Oracle Communications EAGLE Application Processor
• Oracle Communications EAGLE Collector Application Processor
• Oracle Communications EAGLE LNP Application Processor
• Oracle Communications Interactive Session Recorder
• Oracle Communications Policy Controller
• Oracle Communications Policy Management
• Oracle Communications Service Broker Engineered System Edition 6.0
• Oracle Communications Session Element Manager
• Oracle Communications Session Report Manager
• Oracle Communications Session Route Manager
• Oracle Communications Subscriber Data Management
• Oracle Communications User Data Repository
• Oracle Communications WebRTC Session Controller
• Oracle Data Appliance
• Oracle Integrated Lights Out Manager
• Oracle Key Vault
• Oracle VM
• Pillar Axiom 600 Storage System 4, 5
• SPARC Supercluster
• Sun ZFS Storage Appliance Kit (AK)
• Tekelec HLR Router
• Tekelec Platform Management & Configuration
• Tekelec Virtual Operating Environment

References

• Oracle Critical Patch Updates and Security Alerts main page [ Oracle Technology Network ]
• Oracle Critical Patch Updates and Security Alerts - Frequently Asked Questions [ CPU FAQ ]
• Risk Matrix definitions [ Risk Matrix Definitions ]
• Use of Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) by Oracle [ Oracle CVSS Scoring ]
• English text version of risk matrix [ Oracle Technology Network ]
• CVRF XML version of the risk matrix [ Oracle Technology Network ]

Modification History

Date	Comments
2014-September-26	Rev 1. Initial Release

Appendix - Oracle Sun Systems Products Suite

 

Oracle Sun Systems Products Suite Executive Summary

This Security Alert contains 1 new security fix for the Oracle Sun Systems Products Suite.  This vulnerability is remotely exploitable without authentication, i.e., may be exploited over a network without the need for a username and password.  The English text form of this Risk Matrix can be found here.

Oracle Sun Systems Products Suite Risk Matrix

CVE#	Component	Protocol	Sub- component	Remote Exploit without Auth.?	CVSS VERSION 2.0 RISK (see Risk Matrix Definitions)							Supported Versions Affected	Notes
					Base Score	Access Vector	Access Complexity	Authen- tication	Confiden- tiality	Integrity	Avail- ability
CVE-2014-7169	Solaris	Multiple	Bash	Yes	10.0	Network	Low	None	Complete	Complete	Complete	8, 9, 10, 11	See Note 1

Notes:

1. The CVSS score is taken from
   http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2014-7169.

Appendix - Oracle Linux and Virtualization

 

Oracle Linux Executive Summary

This Security Alert contains 1 new security fix for Oracle Linux.  This vulnerability is remotely exploitable without authentication, i.e., may be exploited over a network without the need for a username and password.  The English text form of this Risk Matrix can be found here.

Oracle Linux Risk Matrix

CVE#	Component	Protocol	Sub- component	Remote Exploit without Auth.?	CVSS VERSION 2.0 RISK (see Risk Matrix Definitions)							Supported Versions Affected	Notes
					Base Score	Access Vector	Access Complexity	Authen- tication	Confiden- tiality	Integrity	Avail- ability
CVE-2014-7169	Oracle Linux	Multiple	Bash	Yes	10.0	Network	Low	None	Complete	Complete	Complete	4, 5, 6, 7	See Note 1

Notes:

1. The CVSS score is taken from
   http://web.nvd.nist.gov/view/vuln/detail?vulnId=CVE-2014-7169.

Birazda Oracle Enterprise Linux

Bir süredir linux dünyasından uzak kaldım sayılır.
Oracle Enterprise Linux ile birlikte, kaldığım yerden devam.

En çok hoşuma giden özelliklerden bir tanesi ksplice.

http://www.ksplice.com/
You are seconds away from trying out Ksplice zero downtime kernel updates for your RHEL 5 or 6 system!

Take back your weekend and say goodbye to lengthy maintenance windows for kernel updates. With Ksplice, you can install kernel updates while the system is running. Stay secure and compliant without the hassle.

Önemli sistemlerinizi yeniden başlatmadan, güncellemek istiyorsanız(kernel güncellemesi vs.)
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/articles/linux/ksplice-update-tour-1896119.html

http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E37670_01/E39380/html/index.html
http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E37670_01/index.html

ksplice, göz ardı veya kulak arkası edilemeyeck bir özellik.

Oracle Database kullanıcıları için ORACLE INTELLIGENT STORAGE PROTOCOL(OISP)

Şayet oracle database kullanıyorsanız ve "ORACLE INTELLIGENT STORAGE PROTOCOL" incelemediyseniz, lütfen aşağıdaki linki incelemeyi düşünme zamanı gelmiştir.

http://www.oracle.com/us/products/servers-storage/storage/nas/oracle-isp-ds-final-2139042.pdf

Oracle Intelligent Storage Protocol

The Oracle Database has a layered architecture that includes the Oracle Disk Manager (ODM). The ODM provides a file management module that lets the Oracle Database use a local file system, a raw disk partition, or NFS server to store database information.

To increase database performance, the ODM interface lets the Oracle Database pass information along with each I/O request. This information defines several attributes associated with the I/O such as the file type associated with the I/O request. This lets data file and database log file writes be handled differently.

The new OISP allows the Oracle Database NFSv4 client to pass ODM optimization information to the NFSv4 server of the ZFS Storage Appliance. The ZFS Storage Appliance takes advantage of the ODM optimization information to simplify database configuration and to further increase database performance.

There are two Oracle Intelligent Storage Protocol features:

• Automatically setting the Optimal file record size for new database files
• Automatically using the optimal write bias (ZFS Latency or Throughput) for each write request

Set the Optimal file record size

The Oracle dNFS client passes the optimal record size to the ZFS Storage Appliance for each NFSv4 write request. The ZFS Storage Appliance NFSv4 server passes the record size to the ZFS file system with the I/O request. The ZFS file system then bypasses the default file system record size and uses the record size value passed with the I/O request. The record size can only be set for newly created files. If a file already exists the record size will not be changed.

Use either ZFS Latency or Throughput write mode for each request

The Oracle dNFS client passes the optimal write bias to the ZFS Storage Appliance for each NFSv4 write request. The ZFS Storage Appliance NFSv4 server passes the write bias to the ZFS file system with the I/O request. The ZFS file system then bypasses the default file system write bias and attempts to use the write bias value passed with the I/O request. Depending on the state of the ZFS file system the write bias sent with the I/O request may be ignored.

Solaris'te son durum

Uzun zamandır, solaris ölecek mi yaşayacak mı diye endişe içindeydim.
Oracle son bir yıllık solaris çalışmasını yakından takip edince, bu endişemin boşuna olduğunu gördüm. Şu anda solaris 11.2 çıktı ve önümüzdeki yılda solaris 12 nin çıkması planlanmış durumdu. Solaris 11.2 ile openstack desteklenmeye başlandığınıda hatırlatayım. Bakalım solaris 12 neler getirecek.

Solaris 11.2 deki son durumu incelemek isteyenlerin göz atması gereken;
"Oracle® Solaris 11.2 Release Notes" aşağıdaki linkte bulabilirsiniz.

http://www.oracle.com/pls/topic/lookup?ctx=solaris11&id=SERNS

 

oracle zfs unified storage - Kemel konsol komutları

1. Sistem komutlarının neler olduğunu öğrnemek için konsolda;
   maintenance system help
   komutunu vermemiz yeterli olur.

    ZFS disk ünitemizi yeniden başlatmak istersek;

    maintenance system restart

     komutunu vermemiz yeterlidir.

2. Sistemi tamamen kapatmak
zfs-vbox:>  maintenance system poweroff
This will turn off power to the appliance. Are you sure? (Y/N)
Connection to 10.254.254.57 closed.



3. Workflowları listelemek;

zfs-vbox:> maintenance workflows list
WORKFLOW     NAME                       OWNER SETID ORIGIN               VERSION    
workflow-000 Clear locks                root  false Oracle Corporation   1.0.0      
workflow-001 Configure for Oracle Solaris Cluster NFS root  false Oracle Corporation   1.0.0      
workflow-002 Unconfigure Oracle Solaris Cluster NFS root  false Oracle Corporation   1.0.0      
workflow-003 Configure for Oracle Enterprise Manager Monitoring root  false Sun Microsystems, Inc. 1.1        
workflow-004 Unconfigure Oracle Enterprise Manager Monitoring root  false Sun Microsystems, Inc. 1.0    

Tüm workflowları listelemek;

zfs-vbox:> maintenance workflows set showhidden=true
                    showhidden = true

zfs-vbox:> maintenance workflows list
WORKFLOW     NAME                       OWNER SETID ORIGIN               VERSION    
workflow-000 Clear locks                root  false Oracle Corporation   1.0.0      
workflow-001 Configure for Oracle Solaris Cluster NFS root  false Oracle Corporation   1.0.0      
workflow-002 Unconfigure Oracle Solaris Cluster NFS root  false Oracle Corporation   1.0.0      
workflow-003 Configure for Oracle Enterprise Manager Monitoring root  false Sun Microsystems, Inc. 1.1        
workflow-004 Unconfigure Oracle Enterprise Manager Monitoring root  false Sun Microsystems, Inc. 1.0        
zfs-vbox:> maintenance workflows set showhidden=true
                    showhidden = true
zfs-vbox:> maintenance workflows list
WORKFLOW     NAME                       OWNER SETID ORIGIN               VERSION    
workflow-000 SRA Destroy Projects       root  false Oracle Corporation.  2.1        
workflow-001 SRA Replicated Shares      root  false Oracle Corporation.  2.1        
workflow-002 Clear locks                root  false Oracle Corporation   1.0.0      
workflow-003 Configure for Oracle Solaris Cluster NFS root  false Oracle Corporation   1.0.0      
workflow-004 OSC Fence Share            root  false Oracle Corporation   1.0.0      
workflow-005 OSC List R/W Projects      root  false Oracle Corporation   1.0.0      
workflow-006 OSC Project Shares         root  false Oracle Corporation   1.0.0      
workflow-007 OSC Verify Credentials     root  false Oracle Corporation   1.0.0      
workflow-008 OSC Verify R/W Projects    root  false Oracle Corporation   1.0.0      
workflow-009 Oracle Get Configuration Service Status root  false Oracle Corporation   1.0        
workflow-010 Oracle Get Initiator And Target Groups root  false Oracle Corporation   1.0        
workflow-011 Oracle Get Logical Status  root  false Oracle Corporation   1.4        
workflow-012 Oracle Get Multiple Dataset Drilldown Values root  false Oracle Corporation   1.0        
workflow-013 Oracle Get Project Information root  false Oracle Corporation   1.2        
workflow-014 Oracle Retrieve Active Problem List root  false Oracle Corporation   1.1.1      
workflow-015 S7K Appliance Configuration root  false Oracle Corporation   1.0.14     
workflow-016 S7K List Shares            root  false Oracle Corporation   1.0.14     
workflow-017 S7K Manage Initiator Group root  false Oracle Corporation   1.0.14     
workflow-018 S7K Manage Share           root  false Oracle Corporation   1.0.14     
workflow-019 S7K Manage Snapshot        root  false Oracle Corporation   1.0.14     
workflow-020 S7K Present LUN            root  false Oracle Corporation   1.0.14     
workflow-021 SRA Appliance Configuration root  false Oracle Corporation   2.1        
workflow-022 SRA Clone Projects         root  false Oracle Corporation   2.1        
workflow-023 SRA Manage Replication     root  false Oracle Corporation   2.0.0      
workflow-024 SRA Network Configuration  root  false Oracle Corporation   2.1        
workflow-025 SRA Replicated Sources     root  false Oracle Corporation   2.1        
workflow-026 SRA Reverse Projects       root  false Oracle Corporation   2.1        
workflow-027 Unconfigure Oracle Solaris Cluster NFS root  false Oracle Corporation   1.0.0      
workflow-028 cloneSnapshots             root  false Oracle Corporation   2.0        
workflow-029 surfaceLuns                root  false Oracle Corporation   2.0        
workflow-030 Configure for Oracle Enterprise Manager Monitoring root  false Sun Microsystems, Inc. 1.1        
workflow-031 Oracle Get Configuration Information root  false Sun Microsystems, Inc. 1.0        
workflow-032 Oracle Get Current Dataset Values root  false Sun Microsystems, Inc. 1.0        
workflow-033 Oracle Get Dataset Drilldown Values root  false Sun Microsystems, Inc. 1.0        
workflow-034 Oracle Get IP Network Datalinks and Associated Devices root  false Sun Microsystems, Inc. 1.0        
workflow-035 Oracle Get IP Network Interface Device Attributes root  false Sun Microsystems, Inc. 1.0        
workflow-036 Oracle Get IP Network Interfaces and Associated Datalinks root  false Sun Microsystems, Inc. 1.1        
workflow-037 Oracle Get IP Network Interfaces root  false Sun Microsystems, Inc. 1.0        
workflow-038 Oracle Get Logical Capacity Totals root  false Sun Microsystems, Inc. 1.2        
workflow-039 Oracle Get Logical Layout  root  false Sun Microsystems, Inc. 1.0        
workflow-040 Oracle Retrieve Physical Component Status root  false Sun Microsystems, Inc. 1.0        
workflow-041 Unconfigure Oracle Enterprise Manager Monitoring root  false Sun Microsystems, Inc. 1.0        
workflow-042 createSnapshots            root  false Sun Microsystems, Inc. 1.1        
workflow-043 deleteLuns                 root  false Sun Microsystems, Inc. 1.1        
workflow-044 deleteSnapshots            root  false Sun Microsystems, Inc. 1.1        
workflow-045 getLunDetails              root  false Sun Microsystems, Inc. 1.1        
workflow-046 maskLuns                   root  false Sun Microsystems, Inc. 1.1        
workflow-047 Import worksheet           root  false Sun Microsystems     undefined  
workflow-048 LSI SAS NCQ control        root  false Sun Microsystems     undefined  
workflow-049 Temporary patch            root  false Sun Microsystems     undefined  
zfs-vbox:>



   

Adobe firması linux dünyasından nefret mi ediyor?

Bu gün ubuntu kurdum ve üzerine acrobat reader kurmaya kalktım.
Ne yazikki adobe.com dan ubuntu için acrobat reader indiremedim.

ADOBE LINUX DESTEĞİNİ KALDIRMIŞ!!!!
ESKİ LİNUX SÜRÜMLERİNİDE İNDİREMİYORUZ!!!
 ACABA PDF KULLANMAYI TAMAMEN BIRAKSAK MI?

ADOBE FİRMASININ BU DAVRANIŞINI KINIYORUM....